Industry Insights
The global human and animal vaccine adjuvants market size was valued at USD 517.7 million in 2017. The market is majorly driven by the growing prevalence of various chronic illnesses including cancer. Vaccine adjuvants are vital ingredients of many clinically approved vaccines. Federal agencies across the globe are striving to ensure immunization for every individual irrespective of their social and economic status.
Global human & animal adjuvants market revenue, 2014 - 2025 (USD Million)
Vaccine adjuvants play a significant role in enhancing immunity, as majority of inactivated vaccines are relatively poor to induce adoptive immunity unless effective adjuvants are co-administrated. Since 1920, aluminum salts are widely used as adjuvants to enhance humoral immunity. However, alum is ineffective for illnesses where cell mediated immunity is required. Moreover, adjuvants emulsion (oil-in-water) have proven efficacy for avian influenza.
Advanced vaccines adjuvants can also be developed for diseases where humoral immunity is required. Since last two decades, many antigens have been discovered. This factor has accelerated the process of product development for many diseases and indications. This has shown a rise in demand for effective products.
Many companies are focusing on combination of different adjuvants in specific formulations for better efficacy. They are also focusing on products that target specific cells to cure cancer and other chronic conditions. Better understanding of immunology, especially inborn immunity, helps in R&D of innovative human and animal vaccine adjuvants for known and emerging diseases.
Segmentation by Product Type
• Pathogen
• Adjuvant Emulsion
• Particulate
• Combination
• Others
In 2017, particulate product type accounted for the largest share of the global human and animal vaccine adjuvants market. It mainly consists of alum, virosomes, and cytokines, of which alum is the most commonly used adjuvant. It contains aluminum salt that is not soluble in water. It is primarily used in hepatitis B and human papillomavirus. Alum salt, virosome, and cytokines are used in hapatits B and flu vaccines. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), world immunization coverage for hepatitis B is 84%. Increse in hepatitis B immunization is expected to provide growth opportuntiies for particulate vaccine adjuavnts over the forecsat period.
Segmentation by Application
• Infectious Disease
• Cancer
• Other
Infectious diseases held over 60.0% of the global market share in the past. This growth is attributed to high prevalence of infectious diseases, such as malaria; influenza; dengue; hepatitis A, B, and C; measles; pneumonia; meningitis; yellow fever; and typhoid. Increased occurrence of these diseases has encouraged market participants to focus on development of efficient vaccines. For instance, CyTuVax, is focusing on cytokine macro-aggregates technology to discover highly effective vaccine.
Segmentation by Route of Administration
• Oral
• Intranasal
• Intradermal
• Intramuscular
• Others
The intramuscular segment accounted for the largest market share in 2017, followed by intranasal route, owing to the high immune specificity of vaccines for better results. These vaccines are considered to be safe and efficient against fatal diseases. Intradermal is expected to be the fastest-growing segment owing to higher level of effectiveness and longer absorption time compared to other routes. Increasing demand for products directed through intradermal route will fuel market over the forecast period. Adjuvants, such as TLR3Ligand Poly (I:C), tempt mucosal antibody responses and protect against genital HSV-2 infection when directed through intradermal route.
Segmentation by Category
• Human
• Animal
Human vaccine adjuvants led the global human and animal vaccine adjuvants market in 2017 with a market share of 64.8%. Research and development activities to meet growing need for efficient products to cure infectious diseases and cancer continues to prevail. Increasing prevalence of life threating diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis, and cancer, is also projected to provide growth opportunities in the forthcoming years.
Animal vaccine adjuvants segment is projected to expand at a CAGR of 9.0% during the forecast period. Increasing immunization of livestock animal is projected to boost growth, as adjuvants play an important role in enhancing immunity. Rising incidence of transmission of viral diseases from animals to humans is also estimated to augment the adoption.
Segmentation by Region
• North America
• Europe
• Asia Pacific
• Central & South America
• Middle East & Africa
North America held the largest market share of 39.7% in 2017 followed by Europe. Favorable government initiatives and presence of key companies add to the market growth. Rising focus on developing novel products to trigger innate immunity is turn is projected to propel regional market growth in foreseeable future. Asia Pacific will be the fastest-growing regional market over the forecast period. It is expected to register a CAGR of over 10.0% during the forecast period. Improving healthcare facilities and R&D investments to develop novel products are anticipated to propel regional expansion over the forecast period.
Competitive Landscape
The global human and animal vaccine adjuvants market is marked by the presence of established players such as Adjuvance Technologies, Inc.; Novavax, Inc.; InvivoGen; GlaxoSmithKline plc; CSL Limited; Avanti Polar Lipids; Agenus Inc.; and Brentag A/S, which held about 40% of market share in 2017. Most companies focus on Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) and product innovation as part of their chief business expansion strategy. For example, in October 2017, GSK received the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the sale of Shingrix for the prevention of shingles.
